TIMELINE
| The Roman Republic - 509-31 B.C. | |||
| 753 BC | The founding of Rome - small tribes moved into Italy and settled along the Tiber River. | ||
| The first primitive cottages on Palatine Hill. | |||
| The Forum Romanum is built | |||
| 616-509 BC | Etruscan kings rule Rome | ||
| 509 BC |  Rome becomes a republic. |
||
| 560 BC | The temples of Diana, Fortuna and Mater Matuta are built. Servius Tullius builds city walls. Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus is built. | ||
| 500-275 BC | Conquest of the Italian peninsula. Beginnings of the system of roads. | ||
| 497-451 BC | Temples of Saturnus, Ceres, Castor, Apollo are built. | ||
| 451 BC | The Twelve Tables with Roman laws | ||
| 390 BC | Rome is plundered by the Gauls and rebuilt. | ||
| 334-264 BC |   Rome colonizes and conquers Italy. |
||
| 312 BC | The Via Appia and the Aqua Appia are built. | ||
| 280 BC | First Roman coins as currency. | ||
| 264-241 BC | First Punic War | ||
| 221 BC | Circus Flaminius is built. | ||
| 218-201 BC | Second Punic War | ||
| 73-71 BC | Spartacus rebels. | ||
| 133-31 BC | Civil War and the End of the Republic | ||
| 49-46 BC | Third Punic War and the conquest of Greece The Greek art is brought to Rome. |
||
| 49-44 BC | Civil War - Caesar becomes dictator. | ||
| 44 BC |
|
||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| The Roman Empire - 27 BC- AD 312 | |
| 31 BC - 14 AD | Octavianus (Augustus) becomes the first Emperor of the Empire. |
| 31 BC | Octavian defeats Antony and Cleopatra at Actium. |
| 30 BC | Antony and Cleopatra commit suicide. Egypt annexed. |
| 17 BC | The Theater of Marcellus is built. |
| 14-68 AD | Julio-Claudian Emperors |
| 64 AD | Great Fire in Rome |
| 79 AD | Mount Vesuvius erupts and Pompeii is buried under a thick layer of ash. |
| 80 AD | Colosseum finished. |
| 69-96 AD | Flavian Emperors |
| 112 AD | Consecration of the Forum of Trajanus |
| 117 AD | Hadrian became the emperor |
| 118-128 AD | The Pantheon is rebuilt.  |
| 96-180 AD | Time of Good Emperors |
| 180-284 AD | Crisis of the Third Century |
| 271 AD | Aurelianus builds city-walls around Rome. |
| 303-305 AD | Great Christian Persecution |
| 284-378 AD | Reforms of the Late Empire |
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| The Byzantine Empire - 312-1453 | |
| 312-867 | Formation of a Christian Empire |
| 395 | The Empire is divided in the West- and East-Roman Empire. |
| 378-476 | Decline of the Roman Empire in the West |
| 410 | Rome is sacked by the Visigoths. The remainder of the Roman Empire is now referred to as the Byzantine Empire. |